# Using React Fragments for Cleaner Code

In React, when we render multiple JSX elements in a component, we basically wrap them inside a parent element. However, this approach creates unnecessary DOM nodes. To address this issue React library exports React fragments. It allows us to group together multiple JSX elements without adding an extra ugly div to the DOM. This makes our code cleaner and more efficient.

In this blog, we will learn :

* What React fragments are and how they work
    
* The syntax for using React fragments in our components
    
* How we can nest React fragments to group multiple elements together
    
* The DOM representation of React fragments and how they differ from regular DOM nodes
    
* The limitations of using React fragments, including browser compatibility and potential performance issues
    

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React Fragment is a component that is exported by 'react'. It group a list of children without adding an extra node to DOM.

### Syntax:

*<React.fragment>... </React.fragment>*

```javascript
const AppLayout = () =>{
   return(
      <React.fragment>
      <Header />
      <Body/>
      <Footer/>
      </React.fragment>
   );
};
```

React. fragments are treated as empty tags. So instead of writing a long ass name just write:- **"&lt;&gt;...&lt;/&gt;", this is the shortened syntax of react fragment.**

```javascript
const AppLayout = () =>{
   return(
      <>
      <Header />
      <Body/>
      <Footer/>
      </>
   );
};
```

---

### Nesting in React fragments

React fragments can also be nested as:

```javascript
const AppLayout = () =>{
   return(
      <>
      <Header />
        <>
          <Body/>
          <Footer/>
        </>
      </>
   );
};
```

---

### DOM Representation:

**DOM without React fragments:** has an extra ugly div

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1681839812598/92b91638-7b27-4e2b-a532-07f8004dcc1b.png align="center")

**DOM with React fragments:** Cleaner Code

![](https://cdn.hashnode.com/res/hashnode/image/upload/v1681839826035/3ebcc2c1-4808-4c04-8448-b280a6db3bfb.png align="center")

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### Limitations of React Fragment:

As there are many benefits of using fragments, there are a few limitations of reacting fragments too such as:

1. **Browser Compatibility:** React Fragments are not supported by all browsers specially older versions of browsers may not work with react fragments. You may need to use a polyfill function to support older browsers.
    
2. **Debugging:** It can be difficult to debug issues with component rendering or performance as it doesn't have a direct representation in the DOM, so it can be hard to see what's happening under the hood.
    
3. **Performance:** While React fragments can help to reduce the number of unnecessary DOM nodes in our application, they can also impact performance if used excessively. If we have too many nested React fragments, it can lead to a more complex virtual DOM and slower rendering times.
    

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